CANADA IN W.W.I (1914 - 1918):
SCO 2.0: The student will be expected to demonstrate an understanding of Canada’s involvement in the First World War.
2.1: Entry into the War: support for Britain, military preparedness, recruitment, attitudes toward war
2.2: War experiences: trench warfare, tactics and technology, experiences of various groups
2.3: Canadian contributions: battles and military operations, aboriginals, women and specific individuals, casualty rates
2.4: Home front: economic, political and social growth
This Unit corresponds to Chapter 3 in the textbook.
2.1: Entry into the War: support for Britain, military preparedness, recruitment, attitudes toward war
2.2: War experiences: trench warfare, tactics and technology, experiences of various groups
2.3: Canadian contributions: battles and military operations, aboriginals, women and specific individuals, casualty rates
2.4: Home front: economic, political and social growth
This Unit corresponds to Chapter 3 in the textbook.
Outcome 2.1: Entry into the War
The early 20th century was a period of growing tension in Europe, caused by national rivalries, competition for military supremacy, and alliance systems. In 1914 war broke out when the Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in Sarajevo. As a member of the Triple Alliance, Britain was involved in this war. Canada, as a member of the British Empire, was automatically involved. Students should briefly examine the causes of the war and support for the war in Canada.
In 1914, Canada had a small military and had to recruit and train an army for overseas service. Sam Hughes, minister of militia, was given this task. Attention should focus on who the volunteers were, where they came from, and why they enlisted. (Include in your discussion Aboriginals, women and the Newfoundland Regiment.) An examination of differing attitudes of English and French Canadians toward the war is also important.
Authorized Resources
Canadian History
• pp. 63-68
• pp. 69-71
In 1914, Canada had a small military and had to recruit and train an army for overseas service. Sam Hughes, minister of militia, was given this task. Attention should focus on who the volunteers were, where they came from, and why they enlisted. (Include in your discussion Aboriginals, women and the Newfoundland Regiment.) An examination of differing attitudes of English and French Canadians toward the war is also important.
Authorized Resources
Canadian History
• pp. 63-68
• pp. 69-71
Causes:
Canada at War:
Outcome 2.2: War Experiences
The First World War changed the face of war. For the first time, trench warfare was used, primarily on the Western Front. Armies dug trenches to protect themselves from the enemy who had also dug a system of trenches on the other side of an area known as "no man’s land". Students should examine the structure of the trench system and gain an understanding of daily routine in the trenches.
The First World War saw other changes in war tactics, precipitated mainly by the development of new technologies. The machine gun dominated the battlefields of the First World War, rapidly increasing the casualty rate. Attention should focus on the introduction and effects of other military technologies, including poisonous gas, gas masks, armoured vehicles, tanks, airplanes and submarines. Students should also investigate how these technologies changed the strategies of war.
The experience of life in the trenches was dreadful. The trenches became mud holes when it rained, were infested with vermin, were rampant with disease, had terrible food and deplorable sanitary conditions. The constant attacks and the stench of death and dead bodies caused many soldiers to experience "shell shock". Students should examine primary documents to obtain firsthand accounts of this experience.
Various groups contributed to the war effort in different ways. The focus here should be on the treatment of these groups. It is important here to investigate the experiences of women and Aboriginal, Black and French Canadian soldiers.
Authorized Resources
Canadian History
• pp. 72-77
The First World War saw other changes in war tactics, precipitated mainly by the development of new technologies. The machine gun dominated the battlefields of the First World War, rapidly increasing the casualty rate. Attention should focus on the introduction and effects of other military technologies, including poisonous gas, gas masks, armoured vehicles, tanks, airplanes and submarines. Students should also investigate how these technologies changed the strategies of war.
The experience of life in the trenches was dreadful. The trenches became mud holes when it rained, were infested with vermin, were rampant with disease, had terrible food and deplorable sanitary conditions. The constant attacks and the stench of death and dead bodies caused many soldiers to experience "shell shock". Students should examine primary documents to obtain firsthand accounts of this experience.
Various groups contributed to the war effort in different ways. The focus here should be on the treatment of these groups. It is important here to investigate the experiences of women and Aboriginal, Black and French Canadian soldiers.
Authorized Resources
Canadian History
• pp. 72-77
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